active and passive voice

Active Voice
Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan.Active Voice sering digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari.
Contoh :
• Ayumi eats takoyaki (Ayumi makan takoyaki)
• Takeshi meets Shizuka everyday
• She buys a book.
• They played football.
• He brings some books.
• We fertilize the soil every 6 months.
• He meets them everyday.

Passive Voice
Kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subjeknya dikenai pekerjaan oleh objek pekerjaan.Passive voice sering digunakan pada surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah, dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah.
Contoh :
• Takoyaki is eaten by Ayumi (Takoyaki dimakan Ayumi)
• Shizuka is met by Takeshi everyday
• A book is bought by her
• Football was played by them
• Some book are brought by him
• The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months.
• They are met by him everyday.

Rumus : Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier
Penggunaan kalimat pasif:
a. ‘By’ digunakan dalam kalimat pasif apabila pelaku pekerjaan perlu untuk diketahui.
Contoh: ‘Love addict’ was sung by Vamps
b. Kalimat pasif digunakan apabila tidak perlu diketahui pelaku pekerjaan.
Contoh: The streets are cleaned every day.
c. Kalimat pasif digunakan apabila kita tidak tahu atau lupa siapa pelaku pekerjaan.
Contoh: The police was murdered.
d. Kalimat pasif digunakan apabila kita lebih tertarik dengan pekerjaan (action) daripada siapa pelaku pekerjaan.
Contoh: A new departement store is being built.
e. Kalimat pasif dapat digunakan untuk menghindari kalimat yang janggal atau tidak sesuai
dengan tata bahasa.
Contoh: When she arrived home a police arrested her.Lebih baik :When she arrived home
she was arrested (by a police).